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LM34 Datenblatt(PDF) 11 Page - Texas Instruments

Teilenummer LM34
Bauteilbeschribung  LM34 Precision Fahrenheit Temperature Sensors
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LM34 Datenblatt(HTML) 11 Page - Texas Instruments

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LM34
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SNIS161C – MARCH 2000 – REVISED JANUARY 2015
7 Detailed Description
7.1 Overview
The LM34 series devices are precision integrated-circuit temperature sensors, whose output voltage is linearly
proportional to the Fahrenheit temperature. The LM34 device has an advantage over linear temperature sensors
calibrated in degrees Kelvin, because the user is not required to subtract a large constant voltage from its output
to obtain convenient Fahrenheit scaling. The LM34 device does not require any external calibration or trimming
to provide typical accuracies of ±1/2°F at room temperature and ±1-1
⁄2°F over a full −50°F to 300°F temperature
range. Lower cost is assured by trimming and calibration at the wafer level. The low output impedance, linear
output, and precise inherent calibration of the LM34 device makes interfacing to readout or control circuitry
especially easy. It can be used with single power supplies or with plus and minus supplies. Because the LM34
device draws only 75 µA from its supply, the device has very low self-heating, less than 0.2°F in still air.
The temperature sensing element is comprised of a simple base emitter junction that is forward biased by a
current source. The temperature sensing element is buffered by an amplifier and provided to the OUT pin. The
amplifier has a simple class-A output stage thus providing a low impedance output that can source 16
μA and
sink 1
μA.
The temperature sensing element is comprised of a delta-VBE architecture. The temperature sensing element is
then buffered by an amplifier and provided to the VOUT pin. The amplifier has a simple class A output stage with
typical 0.5-
Ω output impedance as shown in the Functional Block Diagram. Therefore, the LM34 device can only
source current and the sinking capability of the device is limited to 1 µA.
7.2 Functional Block Diagram
7.3 Feature Description
7.3.1 Capacitive Drive Capability
Like most micropower circuits, the LM34 device has a limited ability to drive heavy capacitive loads. The LM34
device, by itself, is able to drive 50 pF without special precautions. If heavier loads are anticipated, it is easy to
isolate or decouple the load with a resistor; see Figure 12. You can improve the tolerance of capacitance with a
series R-C damper from output to ground; see Figure 13. When the LM34 is applied with a 499-
Ω load resistor
(as shown Figure 18 and Figure 19), the device is relatively immune to wiring capacitance because the
capacitance forms a bypass from ground to input, not on the output. However, as with any linear circuit
connected to wires in a hostile environment, its performance can be affected adversely by intense
electromagnetic sources such as relays, radio transmitters, motors with arcing brushes, transients of the SCR,
and so on, as the wiring of the device can act as a receiving antenna and the internal junctions can act as
rectifiers. For best results in such cases, a bypass capacitor from VIN to ground and a series R-C damper, such
as 75
Ω in series with 0.2 μF or 1 μF from output to ground, are often useful. See Figure 23, Figure 24 and
Figure 26 for more details.
Copyright © 2000–2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated
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